Building construction



Feb. 22, 1949. J. s. NAGEL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 20, 1944 JOSEPH 5: Meg-L,

INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

22, 1949- J. s. NAGEL,

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed NOV. 20, 1944 JVIIGEL,

INVENTOR.

'CJCSSEPH ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 22, lidi9 WED S ATE-,5 2,462,4l5 I an ms r sassr er Joseph S. Nagel, Santa Ana, Calif e vi lt isqve c 20, ease N rates .Thisinvention has to' dogenerally withbuildingjand wall construction orthe general type adapted to be erected using preformed units capable of being joined and integrated to'form the composite structure. "More particularly the in- V'ention is concerned with improvementsin the individual units and in the structural relationship between units adapted to be'joined together.

One of my primary objects is to provide an improved and efficient means for attaching and interlocking the contiguous portions'ofunits in slab form or whatever other shape they may be given to serve particularpurposes. In accomplishing thisobjectT employ a' novel unit frame structure having various advantages with respect to the strength and shape characteristics of the unit itself, and to its adaptation for interlocking with another unit or other parts of ageneral structure.

More specifically the invention aims to provide an improved joint structure employing a locking element adapted to be associated withtheunits to be joined, in a manner such that the units are permanently and inseparably interlocked. Brief- 1y,.this purpose is served by the use of a locking plate adapted to be received within recesses in joined units and engageable with'the unit fra ne parts, particularly their reinforcements; in a manner such as to form a positive interlock;

The invention contemplates various additional a marginal portion of the completed unit with the locking plates applied along two sides;

.Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section showing the interlock between adjacent joined units;

..Fig. 4 illustrates in transverse section a variational form of the invention as embodied in a corner joint structure;

' Fig. 5 shows a further adaptation of the invention in a typical wall structure;

Fig. 6 illustrates another form of corner joint stwcturmand 0 Claims. (Cl. 772-401 havethesame shape ch'aracteristi need not necessarily "be true 1 "Typically, the sides and-ends of the frame are shown to "be formed or Sheet "inefial ddlfbled on itself at [2th fOr I'fi ldngitud-inally eXtelffdilfg rt:-

portions .ztof'f-the a'rm'etalii's showm-ito fbe wturned an'gvlarlysasiat lfig formingirecesses I kwhichmay ition's. near theirlcorners' frames inlay contain? pins insertedithroug'h opeiiingsih the inamepornons 1.21am .welde dfin w an Bi 7 shows. a furtherembodiment in arr-sassembly of joints at the" iling" 00f. portions .5. wi e} .ua :rL-i :vf f)l ;\'!5

fRieferringfiirst to Figs. 1 to 3, it will' be understood that an individual fbuilding i unit: *eeii-eran indicated at? I flimay-have any desired shape and 'dimensions-in k'eepingnot only with 'the particular purpose "f or which an individual unit is tobused, but also' for the purpose" 'of"pr6vidin more-or less standard" sizes adaptable remixeconstruction of walls 'andibuildings iii general. f'lypically,

the unit is shownto have arectangular and slab- A b, Fl": ii

Eachnnit comprises a metallic peripheral portion 01" frame":- 1 1 ftl'ie side's' and rids of which nough'tliis airansranees.

ce'sses ors'channels l3, and liavingdatenl-flanges M extending at angles such that whenth 'flang'es *of adjacent unit's are'broughtitogether; as in Fig. *3, they 'formspaces rlfi within whichizcementitious material may befilledito seal: the joint. 'an'dtintegrate thestructure.z-Beyond :fianges I43 be left open or filledfiwith -plaster.'::coata oreother materialiappliedtbthssurfaces "of theun'rta' rl'ihe end "portions ofrth-e sides and end-s -o'f thelfra'me may be connected "in any suitable manner along --the angular-jointsat l8, see Fig;-2L

' The unit 'containsr a suitable arrangement of ;tieor reinforcing rods .shownrtypicallyfas tomprising: a plurality oftransversely extending; rods i 9'," and nods -130 Welded 'theretmand extending the opposed recesses i3 of the; frame 'Iheplates 2i contain ang ular slots 22 ,whiehrceive the turned end portionsli a .or 2ila, asthe. case may be, "of the .tie'j rods. It mayialso.badesirableto interloclt the plates .12 1 with the "frames at a 1 ed rem ss purpose the V units against relative lateral movement. In this condition of the parts, the locking plates 2! may be secured against displacement or longitudinal movement in the recesses i3, by spot Welding the plates to the pins 23 or other contacting parts of the metallic frame.

The frame assembly illustrated in Fig. 1 may be filled with any suitable body-forming material 23. Such material preferably will be of a plastic or cementitious type, and may be of a type and character possessing various desirable properties such as combined low density and high strength, and resistance to moisture and warpage. Various light-weight materials of this type are known and need not be discussed in detail, since the present invention is independent of the body composition of the slab.

Fig. 4 illustrates a corner joint assembly employing' the described interlock, for attaching the units or slabs to a column, beam or other supporting member. Here the units 25 and 26 are joined to a column 21 which may be formed of the same body material as the slabs, and which contains a pair of metallic elements 28 and 29 of the same shape characteristics as the described sides of the slab frame H. Members 28 and 29 may be arranged angularly, as illustrated, with their flanges in overlapping relation at 39, and with one or more tie rods 3| extending through the lock plate receiving portions of the members, as will be understood from the foregoing. The

metallic frame portions 32 and 33 are applied to the column-carried elements 28 and 29 and interlocked therewith by means of the locking plates 34 and 35 in the same relation as the joined parts described with reference to Figs. 2 and 3. The parts may be further integrated by welding at 36 and 31.

Fig. shows a typical wall assembly made up of preformed units of the general type previously described. The wall portion consists of spaced interlocked series or courses of slabs 38, 39 and 40, the former of which are secured to the foundation 4| by anchors 42 welded at 43 to the frames 44. The outer units of a horizontally extending course of floor slabs 45 interlocked at 46,

extends between the units 38 and 39 with the frame edges 4! bearing against the slab 45' and rigidly secured thereto by Welds at 48. A suitable trim 49 applied at the outside of the floor joints is attached to the units 45 by the reception of plate'50 within the frame edge 5! and interlocking engagement with the reinforcing rod 52. The top edge of the trim may be received and welded in the recess 53. v

Metallic window guides or frames 54 may be fitted in place between the units 39 and 49 above the metallic sill 55, the guides having flange portions 56 received and interlocked within the bottom frame members 51 of the units 40. Aswill be understood, the window sash is to be received Within the ways 58 and is displaceable upwardly or sidewardly into the space 59.

Courses of ceiling and upper floor units 89 and 6|, respectively, are supported on the units 49, as illustrated, and are in effect integrated in the spaced relation shown by means of I beams 62, the flanges 63 of which are shaped in accordance with and serve the same unit interlocking function as the previously described locking plates 2 I. The flanges 64 of the outer channel beam 65,

4 similarlyare received and locked within the out side frame recesses of the unit 60 and BI. The second story wall section composed of the spaced units 66 is supported on the floor course 6i with the units welded together at 61.

Fig. 6 illustrates a further variational form of corner jointin which the units 68 are interconnected by a single angular locking plate 69, the flanges 16 of which are received within the units as illustrated. The corner trim 1| applied to the units is carried by a web 12 attached to the plate 69.

In Fig. 7 I show the interlocked units arranged to form the wall section, ceiling course and roof above a window or door opening 13, the top of which is defined by the metallic frame or jamb 14. The latter has lock-plate flanges 75 received within the spaced units 16. The ceiling slab course 71 supports the metallic strip 18 above which is laid the roof 19, the latter consisting of individual units or slabs interlocked and cementfilled at their contiguous edges, except of course at the eaves.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that regardless of their shapes and particular structural functions, all the various units going to make up the walls, floors and roof of the structure, may be preformed in accordance with the invention, and assembled and interlocked to produce a completed unitary assembly. The applicability of plasters or other surface coatings to the surfaces of the structure, is readily apparent and requires no further description or illustration.

I claim: 7

l. A building unit of the character described comprising a cementitious body, a non-cementitious marginal member bonded to said body and doubled inwardly thereof to form an elongated recess, a reinforcing member embedded in the body and extending through one side of the doubled portion of the marginal member into the recess to tie said marginal member to the body, and a locking member received within said recess and secured to said reinforcing member therein.

2. A building unit of the character described comprising a cementitious body, a non-cementitious marginal member bonded to said body and doubled inwardly thereof to form an elongated recess, a reinforcing member embedded in the body and extending transversely through both sides of the doubled portion of the marginal member and across the recess to tie said marginal member to the body, and a locking member received within said recess and secured to said reinforcing member therein.

3. A building unit of the character described comprising a cementitious body, a non-cementitious marginal member bonded to said body and doubled inwardly thereof to form an elongated recess, a plurality of reinforcing members embedded in the body and extending within said recess at spaced locations to tie said marginal member to the body, and a single locking member received within said recess and interlocking with said reinforcing members therein.

4. A building unit of the character described comprising a, cementitious body, a non-cementitious marginal member bonded to said body and doubled inwardly thereof to form an elongated recess having substantially parallel plane surface sides, a reinforcing member embedded in the body and extending through an opening in said marginal member and into the recess to tie said marginal member to the body, and a relatively thin plate-like locking member received within the recess between said parallel sides thereof and engaging said reinforcing member therein in interlocking relation.

5. A building unit of the character described comprising a cementitious body, a non-cementitious marginal member bonded to said body and doubled inwardly thereof to form an elongated recess, a reinforcing member embedded in the body and extending through openings in both sides of the doubled portion of said marginal member and across said recess for engagement by a locking member to be received therein, said reiniorcing member connecting said marginal memher to the body.

6. A building structure comprising a pair of units arranged in edge-to-edge relation, each unit comprising a cementitious body, a non-cementitious marginal member bonded to said body and having an intermediate portion doubled inwardly thereof to form an elongated recess, and reinforcing members embedded in said bodies and extending through openings in the sides of said doubled portions of the marginal members and Within said recesses, a locking member received Within the recesses of opposed marginal members of said units and hooked to the reenforcing members to tie the units in said relation, said reinforcing members connecting said marginal members to the bodies, and said opposed marginal members having flange portions converging outwardly and forming between them a space for reception of cementitious material.

7. A building structure comprising a pair of units arranged in edge-to-edge relation, each unit comprising a cementitious body, a non-cementitious marginal member bonded to said body and having an intermediate portion doubled inwardly thereof to form an elongated recess, and reinforcing members embedded in said bodies and extending through openings in the sides of said doubled portions of the marginal members and within said recesses, a locking member received within the recesses of opposed marginal members of said units and hooked to the reenforoing members to tie the units in said relation, said reinforcing members serving to tie said marginal members to the bodies, said opposed marginal members having flange portions converging outwardly and forming between them a space for reception of cementitious material, and the extremities of said flange portions diverging outwardly and. forming V-shaped recesses.

8. The combination comprising a pair of building units each including a. cementitious body and a marginal member bonded to said body and doubled upon itself to form an elongated recess, said units being arranged edge-to-edge with their said marginal members and recesses in opposed relation, reinforcing rods embedded in said bodies and extending through openings in the sides of said doubled portions of the marginal members and within said recesses to tie said members to the bodies, and a retaining member received within said recesses and interlocked with said rods.

9. The combination comprising a pair of building units each including a cementitious body and a marginal metallic member bonded to said body and doubled upon itself to form an elongated recess, said units being arranged edge-to-edge with their said marginal members and recesses in opposed relation, reinforcing rods embedded in said bodies and extending through openings in the sides of said doubled portions of the marginal members and across said recesses at spaced locations, and a plate-like locking member received within said recesses and having in its opposite edges notches which receive an interlock with said rods.

10. The combination comprising a pair of building units each including a cementitious body and a marginal metallic member bonded to said body and doubled upon itself to form an elongated recess, said units being arranged edge-to-edge with their said marginal members and recesses in opposed relation, reinforcing rods embedded in said bodies and extending through openings in the sides of said doubled portions of the marginal members and across said recesses at spaced locations, and a plate-like locking member received within said recesses and having in its opposite edges notches which receive and interlock with said rods, the notches in one of said edges extending angularly toward one end of said locking member and the notches in the other edge extending angularly toward the opposite end of the locking member.

JOSEPH S. NAGEL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

Falco July 8, 1947 

